10 AC Problems to Check Before Calling a Pro
On a hot summer day, the thing we look forward to most is stepping into our air-conditioned homes. When the AC doesn’t run as it should, though, it can be frustrating. Before you panic and consider replacing your unit, remember that the problem might be simple. Our experts are here to walk you through how to troubleshoot your AC in 10 easy steps before calling us. If you’re a go-getting, DIY fanatic, knowing the ins and outs of your system can be empowering and rewarding.
1. Safety First
Before you troubleshoot your AC, make sure that it’s safe to do so. Dealing with any electrical appliance should always be done with care and consideration. Start by turning off the power at the breaker box, wearing gloves and protective eyewear, and watching for sharp edges.
It’s also important to know your limits. If at any point you encounter a problem that gives you pause, call a professional. Even checking in with a licensed expert can give you guidance on whether it’s safe to continue troubleshooting.
2. Check the Thermostat
Sometimes the issue is as simple as the settings on your thermostat. Here’s what to check:
- Power Source: Ensure your thermostat is on and check its batteries if it’s battery-operated. Replace the batteries if necessary.
- Settings: Verify that the thermostat is set to “cool” and not “heat” or “off.” The temperature setting should be lower than the current room temperature to activate the cooling cycle.
- Calibration: Sometimes thermostats can be uncalibrated, causing them to misread the room temperature. If you suspect this is the case, a professional recalibration might be necessary.
A malfunctioning or incorrectly set thermostat is a common and easily overlooked cause of AC issues, leading to symptoms like your AC not turning on or not cooling effectively.
3. Inspect the Air Filters
A dirty or clogged air filter is one of the most common reasons for AC efficiency problems. Here’s how to check them:
- Location and Removal: Locate your air filter, which is typically found in the return air duct near the indoor unit. Carefully remove the filter.
- Assess the Condition: Hold the filter up to the light. If light passes through poorly, the filter is dirty and needs to be cleaned or replaced.
- Cleaning or Replacing: Clean washable filters with mild soap and water and allow them to dry completely before reinstalling. If your filter is not washable, replace it with a new one that matches the size and type recommended by the manufacturer.
Regularly checking and changing air filters can prevent issues like reduced airflow and overworking your AC, which can lead to freezing up or uneven cooling.
4. Examine the Circuit Breaker
Electrical issues can sometimes cause your AC to stop functioning. Before assuming the worst, check your home’s circuit breaker:
- Locate Your Circuit Breaker: Find your home’s electrical panel and look for the breaker that controls your AC. It should be clearly labeled.
- Check for Trips: If the breaker is in the “off” position or stuck in the middle, it has tripped. Flip it to the “off” position firmly, then back to “on” to reset it.
- Monitor for Recurrence: If the breaker trips again, it could indicate a more serious electrical issue with the AC unit. In this case, it’s safer to contact a professional to investigate further rather than repeatedly resetting the breaker.
A tripped circuit breaker is a common issue that can prevent your AC from turning on, but frequent trips are a sign of electrical problems that need professional attention.
5. Inspect the Refrigerant Lines
The refrigerant lines carry the refrigerant necessary for your AC to cool the air, but leaks can reduce efficiency and are harmful to the environment:
- Visual Inspection: Look at the refrigerant lines running from the outdoor unit to the inside. Check for signs of damage or oil stains, which can indicate a leak.
- Caution with Refrigerant: Never attempt to handle refrigerant yourself. Refrigerant requires handling by a certified professional due to its hazardous nature and because improper handling can be illegal and environmentally damaging.
- Professional Assessment: If you suspect a refrigerant leak, it’s crucial to call a professional. They have the tools to safely assess and repair leaks and recharge the system.
Handling refrigerants without proper training and certification is not only dangerous but also against environmental regulations.
6. Check the Ductwork
Leaky or blocked ductwork can significantly diminish your HVAC system’s efficiency by losing cooled air before it reaches your living spaces:
- Visual Inspection: Examine any exposed ductwork for signs of wear such as holes, tears, or disconnected sections.
- Feel for Leaks: Turn on the AC and feel along the ductwork for any air escaping from unusual places.
- Check Registers and Grills: Make sure all air vents are open and not obstructed by furniture or rugs. Blocked vents can cause pressure imbalances and reduce cooling efficiency.
- Professional Help: If you find signs of damaged ductwork, professional sealing or repair is necessary to restore the integrity and efficiency of your system.
Properly maintained ductwork is essential for the efficient operation of your HVAC system, ensuring that the cool air effectively reaches all intended areas of your home.
7. Listen for Unusual Noises
Unusual noises coming from your HVAC system can be early warning signs of mechanical issues that need addressing:
- Identify the Noise: When your AC is running, listen for any unusual sounds such as rattling, buzzing, or whistling. These sounds can indicate loose parts, electrical issues, or airflow obstructions.
- Locate the Source: Try to determine if the noise is coming from the indoor unit, outdoor unit, or the ductwork. This can help pinpoint potential problems.
- Note the Conditions: Observe under what conditions the noise occurs (e.g., only when starting up, continuously during operation, etc.) as this information can be very helpful to a professional.
If you detect abnormal noises, it’s wise to call a technician to investigate further before these issues lead to more significant damage.
8. Inspect the Condensate Drain
The condensate drain removes the moisture your AC extracts from the air. A clogged drain can cause water to back up, leading to humidity issues and potential water damage:
- Locate the Drain Line: Usually found near the indoor cooling coil mounted above the furnace in the basement.
- Check for Blockages: If you see any standing water or evidence of overflow, this might indicate a blockage.
- Clearing the Drain: You can try gently using a wet/dry vacuum on the drain line outside your house to remove any clogs. Alternatively, flush the line with a mixture of water and vinegar to help clear out mildew and debris.
Regularly checking and cleaning the condensate drain can prevent water-related issues and help maintain optimal humidity levels.
9. Test the Fan
The fan in your AC unit circulates air throughout your home. Ensuring it operates correctly is crucial for your system’s efficiency:
- Visual Inspection: Check the fan in the outdoor unit to ensure it’s not obstructed by leaves, dirt, or debris. Clear away any obstructions as these can reduce airflow and system efficiency.
- Operational Test: Turn on your AC and observe the fan through the unit’s exterior. It should start up quickly without hesitation and should not exhibit any strange noises or vibrations.
- Check Airflow: Inside the house, verify that air is coming through the vents when the AC is running. Weak airflow can indicate issues with the fan or other system components.
If the fan doesn’t operate correctly or exhibits any of the issues noted above, it could be due to a faulty motor, loose belts, or other mechanical problems that require professional repair.
10. Evaluate Airflow
Proper airflow is essential for your AC to function efficiently and effectively. Here’s how to evaluate it:
- Check All Vents: Ensure all supply and return vents throughout your home are open and unobstructed by furniture, curtains, or rugs.
- Feel the Airflow: Place your hand near the vents to feel the intensity of the airflow. Each vent should have a strong, consistent flow of air.
- Temperature Consistency: Walk through your home to check for rooms that may be hotter or cooler than others. Inconsistent temperatures can indicate ductwork problems or issues with the AC’s capacity.
Weak or uneven airflow can be a sign of blocked vents, dirty filters, or more serious issues within your HVAC system.
When to Call a Professional
While basic troubleshooting can be handled by most homeowners, there are times when it’s best to call a professional:
- After Basic Checks: If you’ve gone through the basic troubleshooting steps and your AC still isn’t working correctly, a professional can provide a more thorough diagnosis.
- Unfamiliar Noises or Smells: Any persistent odd noises or smells after basic checks should be assessed by a professional to prevent potential safety issues.
- Electrical Concerns: Issues like a frequently tripping breaker or visible wire damage are best handled by professionals due to the high risk of electrical shock or fire.
- Refrigerant Leaks: If you suspect a refrigerant leak, professional service is necessary as handling refrigerant requires special training and certification.
Calling a professional ensures that your AC system is not only fixed more reliably but also helps maintain its warranty and long-term health.
Preventative Maintenance Tips
Regular preventative maintenance can significantly extend the life of your AC and improve its efficiency:
- Regular Filter Changes: Change or clean your AC filters every 30-90 days, depending on usage and type, to ensure optimal airflow and system efficiency.
- Seasonal Inspections: Schedule professional inspections before the cooling and heating seasons to ensure your system is clean, efficient, and ready to handle the upcoming temperature demands.
- Keep the Area Clear: Ensure the outdoor unit is free from debris, plants, and other obstructions that could impair its efficiency and airflow.
- Thermostat Settings: Use programmable thermostats to reduce the workload on your AC by setting higher temperatures when you’re not home and cooler temperatures when you are.
By following these preventative maintenance tips, you can reduce the need for repairs and ensure your system runs smoothly throughout the year.
BOYAR Air Solutions Is Here to Help With All Your AC Needs
Troubleshooting your own AC can be a source of empowerment as a homeowner. When the problem is more complex than it seems upfront or beyond your comfort zone, though, we are here to help. Our pros have been helping homeowners since 2011 to keep their homes cool and comfortable year-round. We’re here to help you too!
Don’t face AC trouble on your own! Our team is available online or over the phone at (941) 599-8880 for all your AC needs.
